FORECASTING THE EFFERVESCENCE OF THE WORKING ENVIRONMENT TO PREVENT EMERGENCY OPERATION OF POWER PLANTS USING PIEZOELECTRIC ACOUSTIC PRESSURE SENSORS 

Nefediev Dmitriy Ivanovich, doctor of technical sciences, professor, head of sub-department of information-measuring technique and metrology, Penza State University (40 Krasnaya street, Penza, Russia), iit@pnzgu.ru
Krivulin Nikolay Petrovich, candidate of technical sciences, associate professor, sub-department of high and applied mathematics, Penza State University (40 Krasnaya street, Penza, Russia), krivulin@bk.ru
Malanin Vladimir Pavlovich, candidate of technical sciences, electronic engineer, Scientific-research Institute of physical measurements (8/10 Volodarskogo street, Penza, Russia), ait@pnzgu.ru
Kikot Viktor Viktorovich, candidate of technical sciences, chief of technological bureau, Scientific-research Institute of physical measurements (8/10 Volodarskogo street, Penza, Russia), inbox@post.su
Zverovshchikov Anatoliy Vladimirovich, candidate of technical sciences, associate professor, sub-department of technology of mechanical engineering,  (40 Krasnaya street, Penza, Russia),tmspgu@mail.ru

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10.21685/2307-5538-2017-4-2

Background. In the operation of power plants is an actual problem of forecasting, early detection and minimize the consequences of exposure to destabilizing factors. For example, the increase of the temperature gradient of the working medium (coolant, fuel, oxidant, etc.) with the temperature reaching its boiling point is accompanied by a multiple increase in pressure and can cause uncontrolled (emergency) mode of operation of the power plant. The object of study is the process of changing of the acoustic noise in the frequency range and temperature of the working environment over time from the initial stages of the boil to boil the working environment. Subject of research – methods of determining the boiling working medium. The aim of this work is to study possibilities of prediction of the boiling of the working environment to prevent emergency modes of operation of power plants using piezoelectric sensors acoustic pressure.
Materials and methods. In mathematical modeling of the process of operation of piezoelectric sensors during boiling of the working environment, we used the methods of operational calculus. To calculate the values of the predictable duration of time to boil using the proposed mathematical model used MathCAD software. In the experimental studies used the tenets of the theory of experiment planning and the principles of mathematical processing of the results.
Results. The proposed method for predicting boiling of the working environment to prevent emergency modes of operation of power plants using piezoelectric sensors acoustic pressure. The technique is based on the analysis of time dependences of values of output signals of the piezoelectric sensors informative regarding the acoustic pressure and the temperature of piezoelectric sensors. The results of experiments to determine time dependencies of the output signals of the sensors.
Conclusions. Using the proposed method the method will allow to increase a backlog of scientific and technical solutions aim ed at prevention of emergency situations in the operation of power plants.

forecasting, emergency operation, operation of power plant, sensors of acoustic pressure