DYNAMICS OF THE ACOUSTIC ENVIRONMENT IN THE COCKPIT OF THE AIRCRAFT 

Vladimir V. Kharitonov, Candidate of technical sciences, associate professor of sub-department of aircraft testing, Vzlet Branch of the Moscow Aviation Institute of the State Technical University (5 Dobrolyubova street, Akhtubinsk, Astrakhan region, Russia) haritonovvladimir@yandex.ru
Valery N. Zinkin, Doctor of medical sciences, professor, senior researcher at the research laboratory, Central Research Institute of the Air Force of the Russia Ministry of Defense (Shchelkovo, Moscow region, Russia) zinkin-vn@eandex.ru
Sergey P. Dragan, Doctor of technical sciences, associate professor, head of the laboratory, Federal Medical Biophysical Center name A. I. Burnazyan (23, Marshal Novikov street, Moscow, Russia) s.p.dragan@mail.ru

 625.098

 10.21685/2307-5538-2021-2-3

The aim of the work was to study the dynamics of the acoustic situation in the cockpit of a modern frontline bomber (FB), to substantiate the mechanisms of noise generation in the workplaces of flight personnel and to develop recommendations for acoustic safety. The acoustic parameters were measured in the cockpit of a modern frontline bomber under ground conditions when preparing it for departure (engine heating, taxiing) and when performing a flight task (take-off, horizontal flight, landing). Acoustic measurements were performed using a digital noise meter  VAN-945A (class 1 spectrum analyzer). It is established that in the cockpit of the aircraft, noise is formed, which is broadband, intense, with a maximum spectrum in the high-frequency region and the presence of intense broadband infrasound in the spectrum. Depending on the measurement stage, the equivalent cabin noise level ranged from 82 to 106 dBA, and the equivalent total infrasound sound pressure level ranged from 90 to 107 dB Lin. The maximum values of these parameters were reached when the aircraft took off. The mechanisms of noise formation in the crew cabin are considered.The main source of it is the power plant. An assessment of the working conditions of pilots by noise (harmful class 3.2) and by infrasound (acceptable class 2). The protective helmet used by pilots, including as a means of individual protection against noise, provides effective protection of the hearing organ from noise generated in the cockpit at almost all stages, and creates comfortable conditions for speech communication. The results of monitoring the acoustic environment at the workplace of the aircraft and the mechanisms of noise formation should be taken into account when justifying the requirements for new aircraft models. Improving working conditions is one of the ways to reduce the risk of developing noise pathology, to preserve the working capacity and professional longevity of flight personnel.

noise, sources, flight crew, crew cabin, noise generation mechanisms, protective helmet, acoustic safety